Thursday, May 31, 2012

Can You Really Shoot Print-Quality Portraits With a Red Epic Video Camera? [Video]

There are murmurings in the tech word that eventually still cameras will be replaced with video cameras, and photographers will simply pore through thousands of frames to find the perfect shot. And curious if that day had already come, Fstoppers pitted a Red Epic against a Hasselblad H3D-22. More »


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Wednesday, May 30, 2012

Alas Poor World

Alas Poor World

Welcome to MK-2, the last city on earth. A city of no names, no individuality, and no freedom....and yet a dangerous rumor runs through the populous...that there may be a world beyond the wasteland.

Owner:

Game Masters:

This topic is an Out Of Character part of the roleplay, ?Alas Poor World?. Anything posted here will also show up there.

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Forum for completely Out of Character (OOC) discussion, based around whatever is happening In Character (IC). Discuss plans, storylines, and events; Recruit for your roleplaying game, or find a GM for your playergroup.
This is the auto-generated OOC topic for the roleplay "Alas Poor World"

You may edit this first post as you see fit.

User avatar
VitaminHeart
Scholar
Member for 2 years



This RP looks amazing. I really want to have a Protector, I'll come up with a cool, but lore-friendly character. This almost reminds me of a mix of Fallout and Half-Life, both great stories, but I feel this is going to be better. Hope I get accepted!!!

"I have a tender spot in my heart for cripples, bastards and broken things"-Tyrion Lannister.

"There are no men like me. There's only me." -Jaime Lannister.

"If you would take a man's life, you owe it to him to look into his eyes and hear his final words. And if you can not do that, then perhaps the men does not deserve to die A ruler who hides behind paid executioners soon forgets what death is."-Eddard Stark

WINTER IS COMING. HEAR US ROAR. OURS IS THE FURY. FIRE AND BLOOD.

User avatar
Brock10
Member for 0 years


Welcome to the RP!

Thanks, I'm glad that you like the idea. I can certainly see some of the similarities with Fallout, though I actually only got into that series after I worked on Alas. It takes a bit of inspiration from 1984, and Brave New World as well. I'll put you down for one of the Protector roles. If there are any questions regarding lore that your have, I'll be only to happy to answer them.

User avatar
VitaminHeart
Scholar
Member for 2 years


Only two, actually: First, can the protectors wear whatever they want, and is their boss literally only the Citizen head. Second, where about's is this city, in terms of Great Britain, and where is the beautiful green land in the west??

User avatar
Brock10
Member for 0 years


Protectors are allowed a small degree of variation on what they wear, Delta for example tends to have gloves and heavy boots due to what her job involves, though the Protectors all the to wear long black coats marked with the symbol that represents their name. The coats themselves are stab-resistant and so act as protection of a sort.

As for location, MK-2, as close to the site of where the town of Milton Keynes stands today, hence the name. The Western Land's location is around Wales and Herefordshire, roughly.

User avatar
VitaminHeart
Scholar
Member for 2 years


Ok! I'll get to work! I'm thinking Omicron...... or Theta....

User avatar
Brock10
Member for 0 years


Why isn't your roleplay listed in the directory forum? Furthermore Why aren't any of the newer roleplays listed for that matter? Did RoleplayGateway recently do something with it's listing function I don't know about.

I'm a dreamcatcher but only nightmares I caught.

User avatar
ZeroTolerance
Member for 1 years


It's showing up in the 'Newest RPs List' as far as I can see, I'm not sure about elsewhere. While as a Scholar I'm on the staff, I don't really know much about all the inner workings of the site or whether they're currently tinkering with things under RPG's hood, as it were.

User avatar
VitaminHeart
Scholar
Member for 2 years



Post a reply

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Tuesday, May 29, 2012

One-Minute Physics: Why planets can only orbit in 3D

Sandrine Ceurstemont, editor, New Scientist TV

?

Ever wondered why the Earth doesn't get sucked towards the sun? Since the pull of gravity is stronger closer to the sun, it might seem like if a planet moves slightly nearer it could spiral to its doom.

In this One-Minute Physics episode, animator Henry Reich illustrates how planets are able to maintain stable orbits. He explains why a 3D environment is necessary and how changes in gravity in other dimensions would affect the behaviour of the solar system.

If you enjoyed this video, check out our previous One-Minute Physics videos to find out for example, why Einstein rotated time or how to measure superfast neutrinos.


Subscribe to New Scientist Magazine

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Monday, May 28, 2012

The Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. Cookbook: Recipes and Reflections ...

The Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. Cookbook: Recipes and Reflections from FORREST GUMP

Baltimore, MD|The Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. Cookbook: Recipes and Reflections from FORREST GUMP

The Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. Cookbook: Recipes and Reflections from FORREST GUMP

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Thursday, May 24, 2012

Adafruit unveils Lego Ladyada's Workshop, vote for it to become a reality

Adafruit unveils Lego Ladyada's Workshop, vote for it to become a reality

If 10,000 of you go and vote at Lego Cuusoo, we could soon have a Ladyada Lego Workshop. The concept, whipped up by Limor Fried and Phillip Torrone, was a direct response to the borderline offensive Lego Friends set that was marketed to young girls last year. The seemingly unnecessary line of pastel-hued bricks inspired Fried to hire renowned Lego artist Bruce Lowell to help create a set of blocks that told girls it was ok to aspire to more than good hair and gossipy friends. Ladyada's Workshop is an ABS celebration of hacking, tinkering, strong women and all things DIY. Now all that needs to happen is that enough of you head on over to the Cuusoo site when the set goes up for vote. Hit up the source link for more images of what could wind up being the very first Lego product based on a company that sells DIY electronics kits.

Adafruit unveils Lego Ladyada's Workshop, vote for it to become a reality originally appeared on Engadget on Thu, 24 May 2012 07:14:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Real Estate Investing ? Buy and Hold vs Flip ? Keith and Kinsey's ...

Real Estate Investing ? Buy and Hold vs?Flip


There are a million different ways to invest in real estate; buy and hold rentals, flipping,
development, wholesaling, note buying, tax liens, just to name a few. The buy and hold rentals and fix and flip type investing seems to be the most common for beginning investors though. So, I?m going to focus on the comparison of those two types of investing. We?ll talk more about other types of investing in future blog posts.

Buy and Hold: The simplest form of buy and hold real estate investing is the purchase and rental of single family homes, duplexes or small apartments. The same concept applies to larger commercial properties as well. For more information on this type of real estate investment, see our previous blog; Build Wealth and Passive Income with Rental Properties.

The benefits to this type of investing are:

  • Cashflow ? The difference between income and expenses is known as cashflow. You always want to make sure that cashflow is positive in order to sustain a long term investment. This will provide a little bit of income every month. Ask us for some guidance and our cashflow calculator spreadsheet if you need help analyzing a property.
  • Tax Savings ? the tax code allows you to depreciate income properties. This can actually turn a property that makes a profit appear as a negative on your taxes, so you pay fewer taxes.
  • Equity Gain ? You will gain equity over time simply from paying down your mortgage (which your tenants are paying).? Real estate also tends to appreciate over time, and this will be another source of equity gain. I know we?ve seen dropping real estate prices lately, but I challenge you to find a market that hasn?t increased in value over a 15 year period of time.
  • Passive Income ? A rental property provides a check in your mailbox every month with minimal labor. In my mind, this is the biggest advantage to the buy and hold strategy.

The negatives of buy and hold investing are:

  • Management ? whether or not you manage the property yourself, you do have to make sure the property is being managed properly to keep that passive income stream coming. Poor management can send a rental on a downhill slide in a hurry.
  • Maintenance ? No property is maintenance free. You?ll have to make sure everything stays in working order to provide a quality life for your tenants.
  • Tenants ? Whether we like it or not, not all tenants are perfect. You?ve definitely got to have a good screening process and do your best to pick the good ones. Bad tenants can create some significant headaches.
  • Liability ? You can be liable for injuries or damage on your properties. Just make sure you carry proper insurance and I highly recommend an umbrella insurance policy for added protection.

Flip: The goal of flipping is to buy a property at a bargain price and turn it around for a quick sale and profit. Most of the time this involves buying a property that may not be so appealing for a great deal, and doing improvements to that property to make it much more desirable to the average buyer.

The benefits to this type of investing are:

  • Quick Returns ? If you do it right, you can get in and out in just a few months and make a quick profit. In order to do this, you?ll need to manage your budget and schedule properly (we have a flip calculator spreadsheet too if you need one), get improvements done fast, and price the property aggressively for a quick sale.
  • Large Chunks of Money ? This method gives you the potential of earning a significant profit. Do your math to begin with to properly estimate your improvement expenses and holding costs. Also, make sure you buy the property for a steal of a deal in order to come out with a big profit.
  • Short Term Ownership ? There?s no property management, tenants, or long term maintenance to deal with. Just get in, get out, and you?re done.

The negatives of buy and hold investing are:

  • Risk ? This is a big negative. You have far more risk with this type of an investment. You never know what you?ll find that ends up being an added expense when fixing up a property. You put out a lot of money for the purchase and improvements up front, with no return until it sells (and that?s not even guaranteed). You?ve got to make sure you can pay your bills until the property sells. Many people find investors for the upfront money, and that can minimize their risk (minimizes profits too).
  • High transaction costs ? With a rental, you just need a down payment. With a flip, you need a down payment, improvement costs, and money to cover your sale expenses (realtor fees, closing costs, etc).
  • Taxable gains ? This type of investing does not have the tax breaks that rental properties do. You?ll have a significant tax bill for your profits.
  • It?s a Job ? If you do the improvements yourself, you?ve essentially bought yourself a job. If you hire out the improvements, you need more profit margin and still need to hire and manage the contractors. A lot of people don?t factor in the time it takes to do a flip. So, make sure you?re making a decent hourly rate for your efforts. If you spend the better part of 3 months fixing up a property and end up with a $10,000 profit after all your bills and taxes are paid, you just made $20/hr. For many people you?re better off keeping your day job and not taking the risk.

In Summary, both types of investing can make great returns, and both types of investing have pros and cons. Flipping makes a quicker profit (or loss) with more work involved. Long term rentals are more of a slow, steady, passive and safe profit.

In my opinion, I like buy and hold rentals better. That?s probably because it fits my personality type better.? I actually took a DiSC assessment recently, and it proved I?m not a big risk taker (especially with money). I?m of the belief slow and steady wins the race.? Also, as busy as we are, I don?t really have the additional time that a flipping property requires. So, I lean towards the passive income that rental property brings. This is not to say flipping is bad, or I won?t ever flip a property. I?ve actually offered on several properties in attempts to flip in the past, and I just wasn?t able to get them for a good enough deal to work with my risk meter. Down the road when we are in a position to flip properties without borrowing to do so (eliminate the risk), I?ll probably give it another try.

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Tuesday, May 22, 2012

IRS widens taxpayer debt forgiveness program

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VoIP Services for Better Customer Care - Business/Finance

Better customer service is a sure fire way to increase your bottom line and this could be attained though the help of VoIP services.

Customers are the number one reason why companies survive in the business industry. That is why companies, especially the large ones, spend a lot on luxurious advertising and marketing strategies. Usually, they hire experts to produce effective TV and radio commercials. Aside from these, they also do advertising through print media and through websites and social networking sites. However, starting small and medium businesses (SMBs) cannot afford these luxuries. Their capital or budget is very limited and must be well distributed to the different aspects and needs of the business.

One aspect that businesses can actually save cost and also use as a marketing tool is the communications system. With the traditional phone system, businesses have to allocate a relatively large part of the capital for it. Aside from the expenses, the traditional system has limitations that somehow slow down the growth of any business. But now that there are technological tools that can enhance your communications system, there are now more efficient operations of businesses. But more than that, these enhancements actually contributes to the improvement of customer service. This is made possible with the advent of Voice over Internet Protocol or VoIP services. After some years, there are now numerous VoIP providers. You VoIP provider offers various services that have a lot of features very useful to any business.

What are VoIP services that particularly improve the quality of customer service?

? Toll free numbers. The moment customers see your numbers printed on brochures or pamphlets or on TV commercials, they will be attracted to contact you. But if it is not a toll free number, they might hesitate to make a call. So, offering them customer services such as calls that are free of charge will entice them to inquire about your product or service and might further lead to an order. VoIP services such as toll free numbers are part of the various plans of the best VoIP providers. Usually, these numbers are offered at very affordable rates. You can also record answers for commonly asked questions. This strategy saves you time and lets your employees do other important tasks. It also makes your customer service more efficient.

? Voicemail and auto-receptionist. There are times that a lot of callers simultaneously make their calls. In situations like these, voicemails and the auto-receptionist feature can keep the callers from waiting. You can record voicemails containing company greetings and instructions the caller can follow while waiting. The caller can then be redirected to the appropriate department or employee later on. This is a common VoIP service, so you should expect cheaper rates.

? Reliable customer service. If a problem arises, it can interrupt the business operation if you are using the traditional phone system. But with VoIP service, you can be sure that whenever customers inquire, they will always be addressed. The VoIP providers has a team of technicians that can take care of the troubleshooting for you.

Maintaining an excellent and quality customer service is necessary for every business company. With this, it is better to employ the help of VoIP services than be limited and weighed down by the traditional system.

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India's Generics-Big Pharma Battle Drops Drug Prices, Raises Legal ...

The escalating battle between Big Pharma and India?s generic drug manufacturers is pushing down medicine prices in one of the world?s fastest growing pharmaceutical markets.

German drug major Bayer AG is currently pitted against two of India?s leading generic drug manufacturers ? the Mumbai-based Cipla Ltd and the Hyderabad-based Natco Pharma Ltd. Both are selling a key cancer drug at a fraction of the price of Bayer?s branded version and both are fighting a legal battle against Bayer.

On 28 July 2011, Natco filed an application before the Controller General of Patents for grant of compulsory licence (CL) for Bayer?s patented drug Sorafenib, which was granted in March.

?After hearing both parties, the Controller General granted the CL to our company for Bayer?s patented product on 12 March 2012 .This is the first ever compulsory licence being granted in India. Natco can now manufacture and sell Sorafenib in India, even before the expiry of the patent for the said product The patent is valid up to 2020,? Adi Narayana, company secretary at Natco, told Intellectual Property Watch.

Bayer holds an Indian patent for the chemotherapy drug sorafenib tosylate, which it manufactures under the trade name Nexavar. The drug is used to treat liver and kidney cancer. Section 84 of the Indian Patents Act provides that an interested person may apply for a compulsory licence to work the patented invention on any of following grounds: that the reasonable requirements of the public with respect to the patented invention have not been satisfied; that the patented invention is not available to the public at a reasonably affordable price; or that the patented invention has not been worked in the territory of India.

While granting the CL to Natco, the Patent Controller imposed certain conditions. This includes that the price of the drug for a pack of 120 tablets shall not exceed Rs.8,880 (US$163), and the licence is non-exclusive and non-assignable. In addition, Natco must pay royalty at the rate of 6 per cent on net sales, manufacture on its own and sell only in India, and supply the drug free of cost to 600 needy and deserving patients each year, Narayana said.

The landmark decision of the Indian Patent Controller has brought down the costs of the medicine by 97 per cent. Bayer?s branded drug costs Rs 280,000 ($5,128) for a month?s treatment (120 tablets).

Unsurprisingly, the ruling was not to Bayer?s liking. In an emailed statement to Intellectual Property Watch last week, Bayer spokesperson Alok Pradhan reiterated the company?s position, ?We strongly disagree with the conclusions of the Patent Controller of India and have appealed his order on May 4th 2012 with the Intellectual Property Appellate Board.?

?We will rigorously continue to defend our intellectual property rights which are a prerequisite for bringing innovative medicines to patients,? Pradhan said. ?The challenges faced by the Indian healthcare system have little or nothing to do with patents on pharmaceutical products as all products on India?s essential drug list are not patented. Rather, the order of the Patent Controller of India damages the international patent system and endangers pharmaceutical research.?

Bayer stresses that to facilitate access for patients to innovative treatments, it has had a Patient Access Programme in place since the launch of Nexavar in India in 2008. Bayer says that this programme, last expanded in April 2012, reduces the price for the monthly treatment with Nexavar for qualified persons to about a tenth of the regular pharmacy price (Rs 280,000 or $5,128) for the complete duration of treatment.

However, the number of patients benefitting from Bayer?s Patient Assistance Programme in India is not known.

On 18 May, the Intellectual Property Appellate Board (IPAB) in Chennai fixed 21 August 2012 for hearing the petition of Bayer against the compulsory licence granted to Natco for manufacturing the patent protected anti-cancer drug, Nexavar.

Bayer-Cipla

In another blow to Bayer AG this month, Cipla Ltd, the Mumbai-headquartered generic drug maker, led by the legendary Dr Yusuf Hamied, also decided to slash the price of its generic version of Sorafenib by nearly 76 per cent. Cipla is offering the drug at Rs.6,840 ($125) for 120 tablets, even cheaper than Natco. Cipla has also announced that it will be reducing the prices of its other cancer drugs. Hamied said he is reducing prices on humanitarian grounds.

Health advocates and cancer patients are happy that the fight between the big brand-name pharmaceutical producers and local generic drug makers is making cancer drugs cheaper. The vast majority of Indians don?t have any form of health insurance and out of pocket payments continue to be among the highest in the world. Cancer has also become one of the ten leading causes of death in India today. It is estimated that there are nearly 2 ? 2.5 million cancer cases at any given point in time in the country.

?The provision of compulsory licensing, which is given in the WTO TRIPS [World Trade Organization Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights] agreement is included in Indian legislation as well, but that provision had never been applied in practice. As a precedent, this is a great achievement for India?s public health,? Nata Menabde, WHO representative to India told Forbes (India) magazine recently.

Some intellectual property analysts, however, strike a cautionary note. ?The Govt. needs to carefully consider the tradeoffs between making vital medicines available at a reasonable cost and important IP issues ?? blogged Molika Gupta of the Indian Institute of Patent and Trademark Attorney, a Delhi-based agency which conducts training programmes and research in the area of intellectual property. The United States Trade Representative has placed India, along with a number of other countries, on the Priority Watch List in its latest report.

Bayer says it has not consented to let Cipla launch generic Sorafenib, that Nexavar patent is valid until 2020 and has taken Cipla to court. The next hearing is set for 14 August 2012.

Meanwhile, in its 37-page appeal to the Intellectual Property Appellate Board, Bayer has ?demanded the withdrawal of the country?s first compulsory license given to Natco Pharma, arguing that a three-fourths reduction in the price of the anti-cancer drug by another Indian firm has made the permit redundant and its patent itself is vulnerable to being revoked,? the Economic Times, India?s leading business newspaper, reported on 19 May. Bayer says CIPLA?s new price ?will render Natco?s price unreasonable and defeat the purpose of compulsory licensing,? according to the newspaper.

Pratibha Singh, Cipla?s lawyer, told Intellectual Property Watch: ?The suit for infringement of patent qua Sorafenib as filed by Bayer against Cipla [CS(OS) No. 523/2010] is pending adjudication before the Delhi High Court. A counterclaim challenging the validity of Bayer?s patent has been filed by Cipla in the suit. The suit is at the stage of trial and the cross examination of Bayer?s witnesses is to take place.?

In 2010, India?s top judicial authority had dismissed Bayer?s attempt to block the Indian drug regulator from allowing Cipla to launch a low-cost version of its patented cancer medicine.

?The matter, which went up to the Supreme Court was pertaining to the issue of presence of ?patent linkage? in India. However, in light of the fact that a suit for patent infringement had been instituted by Bayer against Cipla, the same was dismissed,? Singh told Intellectual Property Watch.

?What is important, though,? Singh said, ?is the fact that the finding of the single judge and the division bench of the Delhi High Court qua the concept of patent linkage not being prevalent in India was not disturbed.?

Will access and affordability disputes around patented medicines become more frequent or will India?s generics industry force Big Pharma to make cancer drugs more affordable? Will there be more compulsory licences being issued? It is hard to say at this stage. Brazil, Canada, Thailand, Australia and Korea have issued CLs in the past.

Article source: http://www.ip-watch.org/2012/05/20/india%E2%80%99s-generics-big-pharma-battle-drops-drug-prices-raises-legal-debate/

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The Science of Computer Forensics | CUNY GC Sociology Web ...

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Monday, May 21, 2012

How Private Is Your DNA? [Science]

Unlike the contents of your inbox, bank statement, or Facebook timeline, your DNA quite literally defines you. It's strange, then, that in an age where sequencing the genome is becoming trivial, we don't give a second thought about the privacy issues surrounding the chemicals that make us who we are. More »


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Fear the Vetting! Breitbart.com Editor Joel Pollak's Latest Bombshell Exclusive (Little green footballs)

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Instantaneous Ideas For Janesville Dentistry - The expectations ...

Adriana M. Noton

A good amount of individuals don?t know that trying to keep dental therapies is undoubtedly an integral part of retaining its wellness and health and fitness. In case you really do not ever teach endorsed high quality oral cleansing, you might be at risk of a large number of of such conditions seeing that verbal contamination, reduction of tooth, prevalent ache, gingivitis that?s literally system of gums and teeth that produces soreness with the nicotine gums, likewise as gum issue. Employing oral cleanliness is definitely an significant portion connected with always keep a sturdy lifespan which supports showcase top interpersonal, motional, coupled with subconscious survival.

That has periodontal problem, a gum space will definitely draw back within just the mouth and make wallets the turned out to become contaminated when using the virus. The human body?s all natural immunity combats that organisms and also cavity enducing plaque grows up under the gum region which often inside finish look for all the entire body. Microbial destructive toxins likewise as human body?s reliable initiate ruin due to chlamydia together with the bone fragment likewise as skin which frequently hold the enamel in its place got down to weaken. If it?s not cared for, each of the nicotine gums, halloween bones, and skin which often comprise the dental are usually at last ravaged. Tooth can in due course come to be cut back, fallout or alternatively should really be taken off. This type of sicknesses like nicotine gum disorder can influence your bodily well being.

Retaining adequate private cleanliness implies using care of one?s total oral health and fitness and also the pertinent structures coupled with qualities. The stage that good oral cleaning is often keep common ideal dental health that causes maintaining a positive share to be able to your about the full physical overall health coupled with health and fitness and wellbeing. It an individual to focus on coupled with partake of accurately, by ensuring your pet dog are not planning to be shy in relation to cheerful, too getting sure there isn?t any discomfort and pain. Performing exercises incredible dental cleanliness outcome to one?s pleasure in lifespan.

Learning a normal brushing along with flossing class is definitely very important to actually preserving great high quality oral cleansing. Despite this, it?s very important to examine a dentistry repeatedly. Some type of dental professional professionist gives the working out, come across, practices, skill, and after that know-how that you should sense additionally to heal a variety of dental follow situations. On top of that, a really good sound dental professional profesionist could take care of well-being problems affiliated with types own teeth?s health and fitness. A clean-up processes are made to take out things that aren?t routinely impacted by exclusively brushing only. They are really clear and device enamel, just consider x-rays to decide if ever there?s issues not aesthetic for the human eye by yourself, so they could fairly very well fixing troubles ahead of individuals become worse along the lines of filling up hollows.

If you happen to come about to absent a number of one?s your smile, some dental surgical treatment could do away with and replace all of them applying this kind of procedures as mouth enhancements, veneers, connections, and in addition caps. Only a dental professional workplace can simply ascertain coupled with repair support dilemmas pearly whites. You are informed how conducted the oral surgeon noticed in some yrs or potentially you are getting a challenge with a person?s tooth enamel, visit the dental surgical procedure to ensure that you acquire the best quality straightforward methods to make sure you trying to keep up with a suit mouth additionally to by mouth cells. Some sort of dental apply succeeds exceptionally closely in the dentistry hygienist and also other teeth enterprise buddies to remain both you and your teeth in decent health and fitness. A proper oral which is certainly with none by mouth infections and as a consequence disadvantage tooth is suggested to acquire an in great wellness human system. Maintaining up with respectable dental treatment methods is also key to suit your needs you.

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APNewsBreak: 22 states join campaign finance fight

FILE - Montana Attorney General Steve Bullock is seen at an event in which he announced the start of his 2012 gubernatorial campaign on in this Sept. 7, 2011 file photo taken in Billings, Mont. Twenty-two states and the District of Columbia are backing Montana in its fight to prevent the U.S. Supreme Court's 2010 Citizens United decision from being used to strike down state laws restricting corporate campaign spending. Bullock argues that political corruption in the Copper King era led to the state ban on corporate campaign spending. A clarification of Citizens United is needed to make clear that states can block certain political spending in the interest of limiting corruption, he said. On Friday, May 18, 2012 Montana's case was given a boost when U.S. Sens. John McCain, R-Ariz., and Sheldon Whitehouse, D-D-R.I., signed on in support. (AP Photo/Matthew Brown, File)

FILE - Montana Attorney General Steve Bullock is seen at an event in which he announced the start of his 2012 gubernatorial campaign on in this Sept. 7, 2011 file photo taken in Billings, Mont. Twenty-two states and the District of Columbia are backing Montana in its fight to prevent the U.S. Supreme Court's 2010 Citizens United decision from being used to strike down state laws restricting corporate campaign spending. Bullock argues that political corruption in the Copper King era led to the state ban on corporate campaign spending. A clarification of Citizens United is needed to make clear that states can block certain political spending in the interest of limiting corruption, he said. On Friday, May 18, 2012 Montana's case was given a boost when U.S. Sens. John McCain, R-Ariz., and Sheldon Whitehouse, D-D-R.I., signed on in support. (AP Photo/Matthew Brown, File)

FILE - Montana Attorney General Steve Bullock is seen at an event in which he announced the start of his 2012 gubernatorial campaign on in this Sept. 7, 2011 file photo taken in Billings, Mont. Twenty-two states and the District of Columbia are backing Montana in its fight to prevent the U.S. Supreme Court's 2010 Citizens United decision from being used to strike down state laws restricting corporate campaign spending. Bullock argues that political corruption in the Copper King era led to the state ban on corporate campaign spending. A clarification of Citizens United is needed to make clear that states can block certain political spending in the interest of limiting corruption, he said. On Friday, May 18, 2012 Montana's case was given a boost when U.S. Sens. John McCain, R-Ariz., and Sheldon Whitehouse, D-D-R.I., signed on in support. (AP Photo/Matthew Brown, File)

HELENA, Mont. (AP) ? Twenty-two states and the District of Columbia are backing Montana in its fight to prevent the U.S. Supreme Court's 2010 Citizens United decision from being used to strike down state laws restricting corporate campaign spending.

The states led by New York are asking the high court to preserve Montana's state-level regulations on corporate political expenditures, according to a copy of a brief written by New York's attorney general's office and obtained by The Associated Press ahead of Monday's filing.

The Supreme Court is being asked to reverse a state court's decision to uphold the Montana law. Virginia-based American Tradition Partnership is asking the nation's high court to rule without a hearing because the group says the state law conflicts directly with the Citizens United decision that removed the federal ban on corporate campaign spending.

The Supreme Court has blocked the Montana law until it can look at the case.

The Montana case has prompted critics to hope the court will reverse itself on the controversial Citizens United ruling. The 22 states and D.C. say the Montana law is sharply different from the federal issues in the Citizens United case, so the ruling shouldn't apply to Montana's or other state laws regulating corporate campaign spending.

But the states also said they would support a Supreme Court decision to reconsider portions of the Citizens United ruling either in a future case or in the Montana case, if the justices decide to take it on.

Legal observers say don't count on the Supreme Court reconsidering its decision.

"It is highly unlikely that the Court would reverse its decision in Citizens United," said law professor Richard L. Hasen of the University of California-Irvine.

At best, the court would listen to arguments and might agree a clarification is needed to allow the Montana law to stand. But even that is a long shot, Hasen said.

Montana Attorney General Steve Bullock argues that political corruption in the Copper King era led to the state ban on corporate campaign spending. A clarification of Citizens United is needed to make clear that states can block certain political spending in the interest of limiting corruption, he said.

American Tradition Partnership argues that the state bans unfairly restrict the ability of corporations to engage in the political process that also affects them.

Bullock wrote in a brief to be released Monday that the state does not "ban" corporate political speech, rather, it regulates that speech by requiring the formation of political action committees.

The Democrat, who is running for governor, said the upstart political corporations hoping to take advantage of unfettered spending are merely "an anonymous conduit of unaccountable campaign spending."

Montana and the other states are asking the court to either let the Montana Supreme Court decision stand or to hold a full hearing. They argue laws like the one in Montana that bans political spending straight from corporate treasuries are needed to prevent corruption.

The other states, many with their own type of restrictions hanging in the balance, argue local restrictions are far different than the federal ban the court decided unconstitutionally restricted free speech. Further, state elections are at much greater risk than federal elections of being dominated by corporate money, requiring tailored regulation, the states' court filing says.

"The federal law struck down in Citizens United applied only to elections for President and U.S. Congress," New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman wrote on behalf of the states. "By contrast, Montana's law applies to a wide range of state and local offices, including judgeships and law enforcement positions such as sheriff and county prosecutor."

The joining states, unlike Montana, ask the court to go further and reconsider core findings in Citizens United. They argue, for instance, it was wrong for the court to say unlimited independent expenditures rarely cause corruption or the appearance of corruption.

And other critics of the Citizens United decision who believe the court was wrong to grant corporations constitutional rights, have intervened and asked the court to reverse itself.

"There is a growing bipartisan consensus that Citizens United needs to be overturned, and Montana is leading the way," said Peter Schurman, spokesman for a group called Free Speech For People. "The Supreme Court has an opportunity to revisit Citizens United here. That is important because there is evidence everywhere that unlimited spending in our elections creates both corruption and the appearance for corruption."

On Friday, Montana's case was given a boost when U.S. Sens. John McCain, R-Ariz., and Sheldon Whitehouse, D-D-R.I., signed on in support. The senators argue evidence following the Citizens United decision, where millions in unregulated money has poured into presidential elections, shows that large independent expenditures can lead to corruption.

The states who filed the brief in support of Montana are New York, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia and the District of Columbia.

___

Associated Press writer Mark Sherman in Washington contributed to this report.

Associated Press

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